Git Commands for Developers
10 Must-Know Git Commands for Developers
Git is a powerful and widely-used version control system that helps developers keep track of changes made to code over time. Whether you’re working on a solo project or collaborating with others, understanding Git commands is essential for efficiently managing your codebase. In this article, we’ll discuss 10 must-know Git commands for developers.
- git init
The first command you’ll need to know is git init, which initializes a new Git repository. This creates a new folder with the name of the repository and a hidden .git folder that contains all the necessary files to manage the repository.
To use this command, navigate to the root directory of your project and enter the following command:
- git add
The next command is git add, which stages changes made to files for committing. This means that the changes will be included in the next commit. You can stage individual files by specifying their names or use the command “git add .” to stage all changes. To stage all changes, enter the following command:
- git commit
Once you’ve staged your changes, you’re ready to create a new commit using the git commit command. A commit is a snapshot of the repository at a specific point in time and includes a message describing the changes made. To create a new commit, enter the following command:
Replace “Commit message here” with a brief summary of the changes made in this commit.
- git push
The git push command pushes your local changes to a remote repository. This is useful when working with others or when using a service like GitHub.
To push your changes to the remote repository, enter the following command:
This will push all committed changes to the default branch of the remote repository.
- git pull
The git pull command pulls changes from a remote repository to your local repository. This is useful when working with others or when using a service like GitHub.
To pull changes from the remote repository, enter the following command:
This will fetch all changes from the remote repository and merge them into your local branch.
- git branch
The git branch command shows a list of all branches in the repository. A branch is a separate version of the repository that can be worked on independently.
To list all branches, enter the following command:
This will display a list of all local branches in your repository.
- git checkout
The git checkout command is used to switch between different branches in the repository. It can also be used to switch to a specific commit in the repository.
To switch to a different branch, enter the following command:
Substitute the term “branch-name” with the actual name of the branch that you wish to change to.
- git merge
The git merge command combines changes from two branches into a single branch. This is useful when working with others and when multiple people are working on the same codebase.
To merge changes from one branch into another, enter the following command:
Change “source-branch” with the name of the branch you want to merge from.
- git status
The status of the repository can be viewed using the git status command. It shows which files have been changed, which files have been staged for committing, and which files are untracked.
To check the status of your repository, enter the following command:
This will display a summary of the current state of your repository.
- git log
The final command we’ll cover is git log, which displays a log of all the commits made to the repository. This is useful for tracking changes and for identifying who made specific changes.
To display a log of all commits, enter the following command:
This will display a detailed log of all commits made to the repository, including the author, commit message, and commit hash.
Conclusion:
These 10 Git commands are essential for managing your codebase, collaborating with others, and tracking changes over time. By understanding these commands, you’ll be able to use Git effectively and efficiently, making it an invaluable tool for any developer.
Remember that Git has many more commands and features beyond these 10, so be sure to explore the documentation and learn more about this powerful version control system. The more you practice and gain experience, the closer you will come to achieving Git expertise.
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